Acquired Brain Injury in the Fetus and Newborn

Given the tremendous advances in the last five years in the understanding of acquired neonatal brain injury and in the care of affected newborn infants, this book provides a timely review for the practising neurologist, neonatologist and pediatrician.

The editors take a pragmatic approach, focusing on specific populations encountered regularly by the clinician.

They begin by addressing aspects of fetal neurology and the interpretation of fetal imaging studies. They then follow a ‘bench to bedside’ approach to acquired brain injury in the preterm and term newborn infant in the next chapters. The contributors, all internationally recognized clinician scientists, provide the clinician reader with a state-of-the art review in their area of expertise. The final section of the book address special populations and concerns, areas that are largely overlooked in existing neurology textbooks. Each of these areas has seen considerable advances in the last five years and is of increasing relevance to the neurologist and neonatologist clinician.

The comprehensive nature of each section (from basic science to acute clinical care to outcomes) should appeal broadly to scientists and allied health professionals working in neonatal neurology.

Readership

Paediatric neurologists, neonatologists, neurologists and paediatricians, clinicians in child development, child health researchers and allied health professionals (in physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and psychology). Trainees in these areas.

International Review of Child Neurology No. 13

Michael Shevell (Editor)

Michael Shevell

Michael Shevell is a pediatric neurologist at the Montreal Childrenís Hospital-McGill University Health Center, Director of its Division of Pediatric Neurology and a Professor (with Tenure) in the Departments of Neurology/Neurosurgery and Pediatrics at McGill University and an Associate Member of the School of Physical & Occupational Therapy.

His research focuses on the causes, consequences and care of early childhood developmental disability with particular reference to global developmental delay, developmental language impairment, cerebral palsy, and congenital heart disease. He is also interested in the history and ethics of care provided to developmentally disadvantaged populations. He has published more than 150 peer-reviewed papers and 40 book chapters and invited papers. He is Associate Editor of the Canadian Journal of Neurological Science and Journal of Child Neurology and serves on the editorial boards of Pediatric Neurology and Seminars in Pediatric Neurology. He edited Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: Clinical and Scientific Foundations, also in the International Review of Child Neurology series, published by Mac Keith Press for the International Child Neurology Association.

Steven Miller (Editor)

Steven Miller is a Senior Clinician Scientist, CFRI and Associate Professor, in the Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, at the University of British Columbia. The focus of his research is on using advanced imaging techniques to study brain development and injury in the newborn.

Contents
Authors' appointments vii
FOREWORD x
PREFACE xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xii
Section I The Fetus
1. BRAIN INJURY IN THE FETUS 1
Adre du Plessis
2. Imaging the Fetal Brain 18
Catherine Limperopoulos
Section II The Preterm Infant
3. Mechanisms of Acute and Chronic Brain Injury in the Preterm Infant 29
Stephen A. Back
4. Clinical assessment of the Preterm Infant including Near-infrared
spectroscopy, amplitude-integrated Electroencephalography, and
Electroencephalography 53
Lena Hellstrv-Westas and Frank van Bel
5. Imaging the Brain of the Preterm Infant 66
Gareth Ball, Mary A. Rutherford and Serena J. Counsell
6. Protecting the Brain of the preterm infant 81
Christopher D. Smyser and Terrie E. Inder
7. Seizures in the Preterm Infant 95
Hannah C. Glass
8. Outcomes After Brain Injury in the Preterm Infa nt 99
Marilee C. Allen
Section III The Term Infant
9. Mechanisms of brain Neurodegeneration in the Term infant 121
Frances J. Northington, Raul Chavez-Valdez and Lee J. Martin
10. Clinical Approach to Term Encephalopathy154
Anastasia Dimitropoulos, Steven P. Miller and Jerome Y. Yager
11. Imaging term infa nts with suspected hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy 165
Kenneth J. Poskitt, Vann Chau and A. James Barkovich
12. Protecting the Brain in term infants 183
Fernando F. Gonzalez and Donna M. Ferriero
13. Seizures in the term newborn infa nt 198
Mona C. Toet and Linda S. de Vries
14. Outcomes after Brain Injury in the Term infant 209
Beatrice Latal
Section IV Specialized Topics
15. Neonatal Neurology in the Developing World 221
Nicola J. Robertson
16. Perinatal Stroke 237
Kendall B. Nash and Yvonne W. Wu
17. Brain Injury in Newborn infa nts with Congenital Heart Disease 251
Patrick S. McQuillen, Steven P. Miller and Annette Majnemer
18. Metabolic Brain Injury in the fetus and the neonate 268
Linda De Meirleir
19. The Nutritionally Deprived Fetus and Newborn infant 277
Raghavendra Rao and Michael K. Georgieff
20. Ethical Considerations in Fetal and Neonatal Neurology 288
Lucie Wade, Michael Shevell and Eric Racine
Index 306

'This is an excellent book mainly for the specialist particularly for those who like books in hard cover.' Hugo Lagercrantz, Acta Paediatrica, 2013

'The volume comprises useful information for pediatric neurologists and neonatologists.' Eugen Boltshauser, Acta Paediatrica, 2013

'This book gives a comprehensive review of scientific basis of neurological conditions with special reference to outcome in brain injured infants. It has 20 chapters divided into four sections covering the foetus, the preterm infant, the terms infant and specialized topics. The text in each chapter is complimented with illustrative figures which make learning easier.' Madhuri Kulkarni, Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2013

'This is an excellent review of neonatal neurology, giving subspecialty clinicians a state-of-the-art review of various perinatal brain abnormalities. This book is an important addition to the resources on this topic. Other books have less in-depth discussions of the scientific basis for these perinatal problems.' Jay Goldsmith, MD, Tulane University School of Medicine